Lichens in Suffolk churchyards

Suffolk churchyards with lichen interest : Survey status as of October 2025 : © Anthony Speca : CC BY-SA 4.0

Having recently been appointed County Lichen Recorder in Suffolk, I’ve been exploring existing data for lichens in the county. I’m keen to understand what sites and habitats are most significant both nationally and locally. I’m also keen to identify gaps in the records, whether because existing old records require a refresh, or because a site has never previously been surveyed.

So I passed some time this New Year’s Eve locating all the potential churchyards in Suffolk with lichen interest, and mapping which have been surveyed and which have not. Churchyards, including civic cemeteries, serve as vital lichen habitats in Suffolk, where there is precious little exposed bedrock to host the many lichen species that grow on stone. Gravestones, other memorials, boundary walls and the church itself are our local substitutes for rocky outcrops, boulders, cliffs and the like. And they offer a huge variety of niches all in one place.

The map above is the result: nearly 600 churches with known or potential lichen interest. At least one lichen record, and usually more, exist for well over 400 of these churches, thanks to a few decades of dogged work by Chris Hitch, my predecessor as County Lichen Recorder in Suffolk. My New Year’s resolution is to try as best as I can to follow in his giant footsteps!

Speaking of giant footsteps: it wouldn’t have been possible for me as a field lichenologist to identify all these churches, if I hadn’t also had the benefit of the many years of work of a dedicated ‘field ecclesiologist’. My thanks to Simon Knott for his extraordinarily valuable catalogue of Suffolk churches!

Anthony is the field lichenologist behind Aspen Ecology. A committed naturalist, educator and communicator, he is a knowledgeable guide and responsive advisor on the remarkable world of lichens.

About Anthony and Aspen Ecology >

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LICHEN ETHICS AND SAFETY

The field notes and lab notes for various lichen species on this website refer to special field-lichenological techniques. Examples include collecting lichens in the field, testing lichens with chemicals and ultraviolet light, and dissecting lichens with razors or other sharp tools.

These and other field-lichenological techniques require special knowledge and experience. They also demand an ethics of respect for lichens and other wildlife, for conservationally significant species and sites, and for land and landowners.

You should not attempt any of these techniques if you lack the necessary knowledge, experience or ethical sense. You should also take all relevant safety precautions. More information about field-lichenological safety and ethics is available from the British Lichen Society .